In applications such as industrial nondestructive testing, precision equipment maintenance, and medical diagnostics, selecting an imaging system often involves balancing a set of interdependent engineering constraints: the physical diameter of inspection channels restricts the module’s front-end siz

In the evolution of endoscopic imaging technology, the continual reduction of sensor size and module diameter has consistently been a key driver of industry innovation. The 4.5mm-diameter miniature USB endoscope module, centered on the BF2013 sensor, represents a critical node along this technologic

In applications such as industrial endoscopic inspection, medical assisted examination, and precision equipment maintenance, selecting an imaging system often involves balancing a set of interdependent engineering constraints: the physical diameter of the observation channel limits the probe front t

In the development of industrial micro-pipe inspection, precision electronic component quality control, and medical device miniaturization, the selection of imaging systems often confronts a set of extreme engineering constraints: observation channel diameters measured in millimeters or even sub-mil